Plane



M'. COREL July s, 1934.

PLANE 2- Sheets-Sheet l Filed Deo.

M. COREL July 3,1934.

PLANE Filed Deo.

2 sheets-sheet 2 INVEN-rolw;k

Com.

BY W MM ATTORNEY- Patented July 3, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICdPLANE Matthew Corel, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Application December 27, 1932, Serial No. 648,853

6 Claims.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in a plane.

The invention' has for an object the construction of a plane which ischaracterized by a top plate for a bit carrying mechanism adapted to beassociated with the bit for adjusting the relative position of the bitand top plat, and furthermore an arrangement whereby the bit and topplate may be adjusted relative to a stud carried lo by the adjustmentmechanism in a manner so that a holding device upon the stock of theplane may releasably hold the stud giving Various advantages by thisconstruction.

An important advantage of the provision of Yj adjustment of the bit andtop plate relative to the stud lies in the fact that these parts may beremoved from the stock of the plane and maintain their adjusted positionso that they may readily be replaced without the need of subse- 2@ quentadjustments.

The invention still further proposes various modiiied forms foradjusting the bit and the top plate relative to each other and to thestud, which different forms have various specific advantages.

Still further the invention proposes to adapt the improvements to a bitand top plate capable or engagement with a metallic or wooden plane.

Still further the invention proposes providing the bit with a scale toindicate its relative position to the top plate usable for conveniencein adjusting these parts.

This invention has for another object the provision of an arrangementwithin the top plate and actable in conjunction with the bit forselioiling the bit during use of the plane.

As another obj ect the invention proposes'a novel adjustable member tocontrol the size `of the mouth of the plane to adapt the plane tovarious types of work.

Still further the invention proposes the construction of an article asmentioned which is simple and durable and which may be manufactured andsold at a reasonable cost. Y

For further comprehension of the invention, Vand of the objects andadvantages thereof, reference will be had to the following descriptionand accompanying drawings, and to the appended claims in which thevarious novel features of the invention are more particularly set forth.

In the accompanying drawings forming a material part of thisdisclosure:-

Fig. 1 is a side elevational View of an iron plane constructed accordingto this invention.

, Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional View of the `bit and 'of the plane.

top plate with the associated mechanism according to this invention,shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. -3 is a fragmentary enlarged vertical sectional view of a portionof the plane sho-wn in Fig. 1. G0

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary elevational View looking in the direction of theline 4 4 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a front elevational view oi Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the stock of the plane per se.

Fig. '7 is a perspective view of the bit of the plane per se. Y

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the top and cap plate assembly per se.

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 5 but showing a modified construction.

Fig. 10 is a perspective View of Fig. 9 but without the bit.

Fig. 11 is a Viewsimilar to Fig. 5 but illustrating a still furthermodied form.

Fig. 12 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 12-12 of Fig.11.

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of Fig. l1 but without the bit;

The invention has been shown applied, in the drawings, upon an ironplane, but the showing is not intended as a limitation since itsapplication upon a Wooden plane will be readily understood by thoseskilled in the art. The iron plane comprises a stock 10 having a rearhan- S5 dle 11 and a front handle 12. Intermediate the front and rearends the bottom ofthe stock is formed with a mouth 13 through which thebit 14 may be extended to various distances. A front inclined wall l5extends upwards from 90 the mouth 13 to the front and transverselyacross the stock l0. A rear wall 16 extends upwards from the mouth 13towards the rear and is adapted to hold the -bit 14 at the properinclination, as hereinafter further described.

One of the main features of this invention is the association of a stud17 with the remaining parts of the plane in a manner so that the studserves to act las a medium for attaching the bit and top plate quicklyand easily upon the stock The inner end of the stud is formed with aperipheral groove 18 and is adapted to 'be inserted into an opening 19in the wall 16 and the stud is disposed substantially at right angles tothe bit.- A means is arranged upon the wall 16 for releasably holdingthestud 17. This means comprises a slide 20 arranged adjacent :the wall 16and at the top bent at right angles to form a handle 21. The slidablemounting of the slide 20 is accomplished by attachx110 ing a plate 22upon the rear of the wall 16 and arranging a space between the plate 22and the wall 16 wherein the slide 20 may operate. The dot and dash linesin Fig. 1 indicate a raised position of the slide. This slide is formedwith a bayonet slot 23 adapted in a raised position to have its largeend align with the opening 19 so that the stud 17 may be insertedtherethrough. The reduced portion of the bayonet opening 23 is soarranged that when the slide 20 is depressed into full position, shownin Fig. 1, then the reduced portion of the slide engages the peripheralgroove 18 and so holds the peg latched into place. The slide 20 islimited in its motion outwards by a peg 24 projecting from the wall 16.

The bit 14 is of the ordinary type but is formed with a central opening25 along its length of suiicient size so as to allow'the extension ofthe peg 17 therethrough and also to allow longitudinal adjustmentwithout interfering with any of the other parts of the device. A topplate 26 is arranged flush against the front face of the bit 14. Thistop plate is permanently connected with a cap plate 27 on its frontside.

A means is provided for holding the top plate 26 and the bit 14 inrelative adjustable positions. This means comprises a nut 28 xed uponthe top plate 26 and the cap plate 27.` A member 29 threadedly engagesthrough the nut 23 and is rotatively mounted upon a lug 30 having aprojecting ringer 31 engagable through a top opening in the bit 14. Thetop plate 26 and the cap plate 27 are provided with central longitudinalopenings 44 as shown in Fig. 2; for the reason of allowing operation ofthe parts as hereinafter iurther described. The rotative mounting of themember 29 is accomplished by the provision of a collar 33 iixed upon theupper end of the member 29 which collar abuts against the bottom side ofthe lug 30 and another collar 38 fixed on a member 36 swivelled in thecollar 33 by reason of a ange 33a. lThe collar 33 is provided withopenings 32 adapted to receive a turning tool so that the member 29 maybe rotated to cause relative motion of the bit 14 and the top plate 26.The tubular member 29 is extendable through the longitudinal opening inthe cap plate 27. To aid in rigidly and securely holding the nut 28, alug 34 is xed at one end upon the top plate 26 and is provided with anopening through which the member 29 passes, and acts against the top ofthe nut 28 so as to securely hold the nut in place. The upper end of thecap plate 27 is formed with a recess 35 into which the nut 28 engages soas to hold it against rotation while the lug 34 serves to securelymaintain the nut within this recess.

A means is also provided for holding the adjusted top plate 26 and bit14 in relative adjusted positions with the stud 17. This means comprisesa member 36 rotatively mounted upon the bit 14 and threadedly engaging aright angle side extension 37 projecting fromv the stud 17. The rotativemounting of the member 36 is accomplished by said collar 38 whichengages upon a square portion 39 upon the upper end of the member 36,and which collar acts against the upper face of the lug 30 and themember 36 is swivelly connected with the collar 33 acting against thebottom of the lug 30. A hand wheel 40 is permanently attached upon thecollar 38 so that the member 36 may be easily turned. A nut 41threadedly engages upon the upper end of the member 36 so as to holdthis member in place on the collar 38. f

As shown in the drawings the member 29 is of tubular form and the member36 extends coaxially through the member 29. The outer end of the stud 17is formed with threads 42. A wing nut 43 threadedly engages upon thesethreads and is adapted to act against the material of the cap plate 27along the sides of the longitudinal central opening 44. This is veryclearly illustrated in Fig. 5 wherein the longitudinal opening isindicated by reference numeral 44. Thus the wing nut 43 may be screweddown to Very rigidly hold the bit in place upon the top of the plate.

An oil pad 45 is mounted in a recess between the top plate 26 and thecap plate 27. An opening 46 in the cap plate 27 communicates with theoil pad 45 and the openings 47 in the top plate 26 communicatewith thebit 14 so that the bit is @self-oiling., That is, oil may be impregnatedin the pad 45 through the openings 46, which oil will seep through theopenings/45 against the face of the bit.

The mouth 13 of thel plane is adjustable by reason of a memberadjustably mounted upon the wall.15. This member has a bead 48 at itslower end extending into the mouth 13 and includes a plate 49 `formedwith an elongated opening 50 through which screws 51 extend. Thesescrews threadedly engage the wall l5 and the. arrangement is suchthatthe position of theplate 49 may be varied by loosening the screws 51 andadjusting the plate as desired.

Along one edge of the bit 14there is a scale 51 usable in conjunctionwith the top edge of the top plate 26. This scale serves as a guide forconvenient adjustment of the bit and top plate. The operation ofthedevice may be traced by assuming it in the condition illustrated in Fig.l. In this figure the bit and top plate are mounted in place upon theplane stock. If it is desired to extend the bit 14 further, the wing nut43 would first be loosened and then the handkwheel 40 turned so that thebit 14 and the top plate 26 are moved relative to the stud 17. If it isdesired to adjust the top plate 26 relative tothe cutting edge of thebit 14 the collar 33 should be turned whereupon the member 29 moves thebit 14 relative to the top plate 26. After the new adjustment has beenaccomplished the wing nut 43 should be clamped down into place. If it isdesired to remove the bit and top plate from the stock it is merelynecessary to pull the handle 21 upwards to the position indicated by thedot and dash lines in Fig. 1. The slide 20 will then release the stud 17and the bit and top plate may be removed. For example, this is advisablewhen one desires to sharpen the bit 14. The bit may then be slipped fromits position to the back of the top plate and rubbed upon a sharpeningstone or other implements. The bit when sharpenedmay be replaced bymerely engaging the nger 31 through the top opening. The removed partsmay be replaced upon the stock of the plane. It should be particularlynoticed that the relative adjustments of the parts were not altered bythe removal from the stock. It should be noticed that the bit isabsolutely the same in relation to the top plate 26 and is also the samein relation to the mouth 13 of the plane.

In Figs. 9 and 10 a modified form of the invention has been disclosed toillustrate that various methods may be used for adjusting the bit andtop plate relative to the stud 17. In this particular form a nut 55 isarranged rotative but nonlongitudinally slidable upon the top plate 26'and quite similar to the previous forms.

the cap plate 27. This nut is disposed with an opening 56 in thetop'plate and cap plate, and is formed with a plurality of radialapertures 57 adapted to accommodate a turning tool. A member 58 isthreadedly engaged through the nut 55 and is rotatively mounted upon thebit 14.` The rotative mounting of the member 58 is accomplished by theprovision ci a collar 59 rotatively engaged between flanges 60 mountedon the member 58. The collar 59 is provided With a projecting nger 31engaging through an opening in the bit 14 similar to the finger 31 ofthe modification previously described. The stud 17 is provided With aside projection 37 upon which a nut 61 is swivelly mounted by reason ofa flange 6l. The member 58 threadedly engages through the nut 61 andidles through an opening in the right angle side arm 37' andtransversely through the stud 17. A knob 62 is mounted upon the upperend of the member 58.

The operation of the device consists in rotating the knob 62 to causerelative adjustment of the bit 14 and the top plate 26. As the knob 62turns the member 58 will turn correspondingly and threadedly moverelative to the nuts 55 and 61. To accomplish relative adjustment of theVcombined bit 14 and top plate 26 with respect to the stud 17 it isnecessary that the nuts 57 and 61 be turned relatively so as to move thestud 17 relatively upwards or downwards.

In the modiiied form of the device illustrated in Figs. 11 to 13, a bit26a is associated with a top plate 65 and a cap plate 66. The top plateand cap plate are permanently secured together by rivets 67. The bit 26Mis formed With a longitudinal opening 68 which extends along its center.A stud l7 is transversely engaged through the opening 68 and throughsmall elongated openings 69 formed in the top plate and cap plate.Intermediate the ends oi' the stud 17 there is rmly secured a plate 70which slidably engages within a recess 71 formed between the top plateand cap plate.

A clamping screw 72 passes through the elongated slot 68 ci' the bit262L and is formed with an enlarged head 73 disposed upon the free faceof the bit. Adjacent the head 73 there is formed a section 74 havingflat sides clearly shown in Fig. 12, acting against the iiat sides ofthe opening 68 so that the screw 72 is longitudinally slidable in theopening 68. A Wing nut 75 disposed upon the outer face of the cap plate66 threadedly engages the screw 72 and clamps all of the parts together.

The operation of this form of the invention is The Wing nut 75 serves tohold the top plate 65 and bit 26a in relative adjusted positions. Theseparts in relative adjusted positions may be engaged Within the stock ofa plane by reason of holding means upon the plane engaging the stud 17as previously described. The customary nut 43 may then be engaged uponthe stud 17 and tightly clamped down for holding the bit 26EL and thetop plate 65 in their adjusted positions in various adjusted positionsupon the stock. 'I'he latter adjustment is possible since the adjustedbit 26a and top plate 65 may be moved relative to the stud 17, suchmotion being guided by the plate 70.

While I have illustrated and described my invention with some degree ofparticularity, I realize that in practice various alterations thereinmay be made. I therefore reserve the right and privilege of changing theform of the details of construction or otherwise altering thearrangement of the correlated parts Without departing from the spirit orthe scope of the appended claims. ,i

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by United States Letters Patent istv 1. A plane, comprising astock, a stud,A means on said stock for releasably holding said stud, a

-bit for said stock and at right angles to said stud,

a top plate for said bit, means for holding said top plate and bit, acap plate being secured upon said top plate, an oil pad being disposedWithin a recess between these plates, and openings in said cap plate andtop plate for the insertion and drainage of oil in a manner so that theoil drains against said bit.

2. A plane, comprising a stock, a stud, means on said stock forreleasably holding said stud, a bit for said stock and at right anglesto said stud, a top plate for said bit, means for holding said top plateand bit in relative adjustable positions, and means for holding theadjusted top plate and bit in relative adjusted positions with saidstud, said means for holding the top plate and bit in relative adjustedpositions comprising a nut xed upon the top plate, and a memberthreadedly enltging said nut and rotatably mounted on said 3. A plane,comprising a stock, a stud, means on said stock for releasably holdingsaid stud, a bit for said stock and at right angles to said stud, a topplate for said bit, means ior holding said top plate and bit in relativeadjustable positions, and means forl holding the adjusted top plate andbit in relative adjusted positions with said stud, said means forholding the top plate and bit in relative adjusted positions comprisinga nut xed upon the top plate, and a member threadedly engaging said nutand rotatably mounted on said bit, said means for holding the adjustedtop plate and bit in relative adjustable positions with the studcomprising a member rotatively mounted upon said bit and in threadedconnection with said stud.

4. A plane, comprising a stock, a stud, means on said stock forreleasably holding said stud, a bit for said stock and at right anglesto said stud, a top plate for said bit, means for holding said top plateand bit in relative adjustable positions, and means for holding theadjusted top plate and bit in relative adjusted positions with saidstud, said means for holding the top plate and bit in relative adjustedpositions comprising a nut xed upon the top plate, and a memberthreadedly engaging said nutv and rotatably mounted on said bit, saidmeans for holding the adjusted top plate and bit in relative adjustablepositions with the stud comprising a member rotatively mounted upon saidbit and in threaded connection with said stud, said members beingcoaxially arranged.

5. A plane, comprising a stock, a stud, means on said stock forreleasably holding said stud, a bit for said stock and at right anglesto said stud, a top plate for said bit, means for holding said top plateand bit in relative adjustable positions, and means for holding theadjusted top plate and bit in relative adjusted positions with saidstud, said means for holding the top plate and bit in relativeadjustable positions comprising a nut rotatively mounted andnon-longitudinally slidable upon said top plate, and a member threadedlyengaging said nut and rotatively mounted with said bit.

6. A plane, comprising a stock, a stud, means on said stock forreleasably holding said stud, a bit for said stock and at right anglesto said stud,

engaging said nut and rotatively mounted with said bit, and said meansfor holding the adjusted top plate and bit in relative adjustablepositions With said stud comprising said member threadedly associatedwith said stud and rotatively with said bit.

MATTHEW COREL.

